Asahi Glass

TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary3 Recognizing Opportunities4 Company Structure 5 Issues Facing Asahi Glass5 Questions to Answer6 Conclusion6 Recommendations6 Executive Summary Asahi Glass Company was founded in the early 1900’s to relieve Japan’s dependence on foreign imports. It was the first successful endeavor into the flat glass industry. The company was able to continue to succeed through mergers, acquisitions, and organic growth. The company’s core businesses are: 1. Glass and related products, 2. Chemical products, 3. Ceramics and refractory products, 4. Electronic products, and 5. All other miscellaneous products The synergies that were created by combining management’s expertise with the company’s knowledge, resources, and technologies have contributed to the success of Asahi Glass Company throughout the years. The organizational structure of Asahi Glass’ domestic productions are effective for their business’. There is a top down management system, with each division having its own managers and balance sheet. However, globalization efforts have been depleting company resources in past years. Management has yet to be able to perfect their foreign operating organization. The company is unable to establish mutual trusting relationship with several overseas joint ventures. ? Asahi Glass Company was founded in 1907, by Toshiya Iwasaki, a nephew of one of the founders of the Mitsubishi business group. Iwasaki wanted to ease Japan’s dependence on imports, by establishing a flat glass industry. It took three years after production started in 1909 to make a profit, but the endeavor was well worth it; Asahi Glass Company established themselves as the dominate player in the market and has remained that way ever since. Throughout Asahi Glass’ existence, their decisions and objectives have been focused on growth. They achieve this by exploring new technologies and growing organically, as well as acquiring companies, and merging with others. Their management style is also a key factor to their success. Recognizing Opportunities During the First World War, Asahi Glass was having trouble importing the soda ash they needed for manufacturing, so they started producing it themselves. This led the company into the exploitation of the raw-materials scope economies. They soon developed technological expertise in ceramics and alkali chemicals, which became two of the three core business â€Å"pillars. † After World War II, management made a sensible strategic decision to license a new float glass process from the Pilkington Brothers in order to maintain their market position. In the 1960s, Asahi Glass took advantage of growing TV and auto industries, and moved into them, becoming a domestic leader in both industries. Soon after, they progressed into producing construction materials. When the chemical industry took off in Japan, Asahi Glass merged in with their alkalis, halogen, and other petrochemical additives. They were market leaders in every industry they infiltrated. Asahi Glass created new, unique markets and took the lead in many specialty markets. In the 1970s, the current president, Takeo Sakabe, took the initiative to introduce a fourth â€Å"pillar† to the company’s core businesses: electronics. He chose electronics because management had some expertise in it and the industry had room for growth. Asahi Glass began penetrating the global market in 1956, when they built a plant in India. Then, the company entered into joint ventures in Thailand and Indonesia in 1964 and 1972 respectively. Not long after establishing their presence in those markets for glass, Asahi Glass’ chemical business followed into the areas. Once the company began to expand, they accelerated their efforts through the 1990s. Company Structure Asahi Glass had â€Å"a matrix style organization structure. † Each of the six general divisions and the five individual divisions had their own managers and kept their own balance sheet. Asahi Glass had an International General Division, which communicated with domestic product divisions, and monitored the subsidiaries and affiliates who were abroad, as well as help formulate business plans. The company tried to localize their oversea activities, and let them manage day-to-day operations and only held executive meetings about once every four months. Issues Facing Asahi Glass In 1993, Asahi Glass’s domestic glass business was declining due to the Japanese economy. The answer for the company was to continue globalization efforts. However, the company’s quick response and accelerated efforts caused the company to lose focus of their traditional international practices. The company’s domestic operational structure was not the same as their international operating structure. Because many of the international were joint ventures, and still relatively fresh, the two companies still lacked trust and coordination. Asahi Glass was still realizing that moving into foreign markets took more integration and stronger efforts than operating domestically. Questions to Answer In 1993, president Seya was faced with a decision for the electronics department. He was analyzing a report of long term strategy for the business, and the position of its major products. The report offered proposals ranging from intense divesting, to rigorous investing. Mr. Seya needed to decide if investing the capital needed to ascertain a dominant position in the electronics business was worth the risk. His decision would be the foundation of the business’ strategic direction and he felt that direction should be aligned with Asahi Glass’ other divisions, and their overall objectives for the years to come. Conclusion Asahi Glass Company has always been an aggressive, dominant company. They exhort their knowledge, expertise, and technology in order to gain a leading position in whatever industry or market they endeavor. In the latest years, it seems that the company is trying to spread themselves too thin by globalizing. Until Asahi Glass finds a better way to organize and operate their foreign affairs, they should focus on domestic mergers, acquisitions, and internal growth. Recommendations I believe that Asahi Glass has had an excellent history of creating successful synergies that have propelled the company to success. From its beginnings in the early 1900s, the company’s management has recognized opportunities to expand their core businesses and grow organically. As their core businesses expanded, so did the company’s knowledge, experience, and technology. As these assets have interacted over the years, they have combined to make synergies that allowed the company to expand into new markets, products, and industries. Asahi Glass has an excellent foundation in the way of management as well as financial prosperity. I recommend that Asahi Glass invest in the establishment of the electronic business as a dominant position. Looking at the electronics business’ history shows that the division is among the top three in relative market position already, despite that they have a low share in the market (exhibit 10). They are also already well established, having joint ventures with at least five companies, three of which are in the top six market positions (exhibit 10). The electronic division contributed 5. 6% to sales in 1992; compared to ceramics contribution of 2. 4% (exhibit 6).

Characteristics of the Classic Monster Movie

Monster movies took hold in the early 1930’s as a new spin on the horror-psychological thrillers beginning to debut.   The monster movie genre as a whole has taken much criticism as to its merits, but it holds its weight in the box office with nearly 15% of all movie sales (Fischoff).   And, while many things can be said about the monster movie as a genre, the monster movie can be taken apart and illuminated to pick out the three core, salient characteristics found in all movies of the genre: the type of monster, the psychological aspect of the monster, and the plot of the movie, or, more succinctly, the monster’s motive. Fundamentally, certain genres lend to certain types of story arcs.   While the romantic comedy often follows a more character driven plot, where the characters find the meaning of true love, the monster movie follows a definable plot driven format.   And basically, in the plot driven movie, the overall story illustrates the efficiency of a town’s characters and how well they are able to stand up to the monster, before, either they are killed or the monster is finally neutralized or vanquished in a final, climax of a scene. To be honest, the end result of the town and its people doesn’t really matter, and any ending is entirely plausible.   But, the intrigue that makes a good monster movie is to be competently presented with the monster, the origin of the monster, and for the audience to discover what that monster wants out of the society they are terrorizing.   While the monster makes the lives of the characters in the story miserable, the audience is torn between wanting the characters to win, or actually feeling sympathy for the monster because of the conditions presented surrounding that monster’s origin. Moreover, monster movie plots have been known to fit into the plot categories and monster types to such a degree that a generator was actually created by David Neilsen.   Among the other completely hilarious and surprisingly useful generators to be had, the Monster Movie Pitch allows a user to create their own monster movie pitch by filling in the required fields.   Once filled in, the monster movie pitch is instantly created and a visitor can do what they want with the results. Because this generator actually serves to illuminate the points within this paper, a short detour will be taken.   With that said, the generator dictates that a male lead, female lead, and male sidekick are required, as well as a title.   Then the setting must be chosen: either a dark and forbidding forest, a sleepy little town, a mental institution, at sea, or ancient ruins.   Then the monster type must be selected: either the undead, extra-terrestrial, scientific abomination, creature of folklore/myth/legend, or nature gone bad.   And finally, the monster motive must be defined: revenge, to feed, to protect its young, its slumber has been disturbed, or it seeks to destroy humanity. Now, let’s see what fun can be had.   The selections have been made for the practice monster movie entitled, The Big Bad.   The rundown: heroic Zack and best buddy Trent, live in a sleepy little town and will come across an extra-terrestrial, leading lady Emily, and who seeks to destroy humanity.   Simple and sounds like a blockbuster.   Plugged into the generator, here’s the actual movie pitch: Critically acclaimed Egyptian filmmaker Aslad Assop brings his nightmare back to the screen with The Big Bad. This long awaited sequel to his international hit, Gong of Deviled Oxen, reunites aggressive shepherd Huche Ramman (Zack) with his holy guide Hammotep (Trent) in their biggest adventure yet. This time, Huche discovers messages in the entrails of his sheep and the trail leads to an extra-terrestrial temptress (Emily) who wishes to use sin to destroy all of humanity. Now the temptress is invading Huche’s Sleepy Little Town of Grozer, Egypt and only Huche’s faith can save the world! Sounds better than some of the monster movies out there.   Now, the purpose of the generator was not merely for amusement, though it was a bit of fun; however, it also serves to prove and illustrate the core, salient characteristics of the monster movie which are the type of monster, the psychological appeal of the monster, and the plot, or, motive of the monster. Because Neilsen states the monster types right out, it’s easy to realize, once they are presented in such a manner, that every monster movie (probably ever made) fits well into the categories, without even needing wriggle room.   To be precise, Neilsen states that there are five basic types of monster. The first type is the undead monster.   Now, the undead monster movie began in the 1930’s with Dracula and continued well into the freaky zombie thrillers of today like 28 Days Later and Resident Evil.   The undead category is not only chilling, but is perhaps the most used of all the monster types.   Even pop culture revolves around vampires, zombies, and the undead with shows like Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and Supernatural.   This type of monster has the greatest impact on an audience because of the psychological aspect and appeal behind that monster. Moreover, the second monster type is the extra-terrestrial and is evident in movies like Alien, War of the Worlds and Predator.   ET actually fits this category as well, though that alien is more cute and cuddly than frightening.   Now, this monster type usually has the same motive, that to destroy all of mankind, and is the least escapable of all the monster types because they take more to vanquish than simple guns and grenades.   Characters in these movies die rapidly and often, and do little but to illustrate the irk of the monster. The third monster type is known as the scientific abomination.   This is an interesting monster category because it actually encompasses many different sorts of monsters, from Frankenstein, to Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, to the Invisible Man.   In all cases, this type of monster is created, even purposefully manufactured, and the outcome is accidental and tragic.   The creator of the monster is often murdered, or lost to his darker evil side, and the characters again, serve only to be killed off as the mad scientist almost realizes his folly. The fourth type of monster is the creature from folklore/myth/legend.   This category encompasses monsters from The Mummy, to monsters in The Relic, Cerberus, and After Dark.   These monsters all have the same motive, and all, actually, seem to have become a plague to the characters because of that motive: being disturbed from their slumber, which serves to kill off most of the characters in the most violent and brutal method possible. Finally, the fifth monster type is nature gone bad.   This fits the Armageddon sort of flick, where birds, bats, plague, or impending asteroids kill off a good portion of the characters.   Movies like Stephen King’s The Birds, Armageddon, 10.5, and The Day After Tomorrow fit this category well.   The problem with this last monster type is that it differs the most dramatically from the genre because a great deal more time is spent on character growth than on the priorities of the monster, being nature, but in the end, nature usually wins out, despite how great the characterization is. Furthermore, Stuart Fischoff’s study commented on many things monster but one conclusion was striking, that â€Å"film monsters have proven to be such unforgettable characters that in many instances they have become part of our culture.†Ã‚   In fact, they are unforgettable to the degree that â€Å"most Americans would recognize a picture of Frankenstein, Dracula, King Kong, Godzilla or the Mummy before recognizing a Supreme Court Justice† (Fischoff). This conclusion is not only remarkable, it is entirely true.   John Rutledge is one of the most recently discussed Supreme Court Justices, but his name means nothing unless that person has been thoroughly engrossed in the newspaper for the past two years.   On the other hand, a person doesn’t even have to watch Godzilla to know that Godzilla is a dinosaur-like creature that wreaks havoc on Tokyo or that Dracula is a vampire with unconventional vampire powers. Additionally, the second core characteristic of monster movies is the psychological aspect and appeal of the monster.   This aspect can roughly be defined as not only the type of monster, but the character of that monster and what affect that monster has on an audience.   Fischoff’s study was also to survey a group of people and conclusively determine who the â€Å"King of Monsters† was. Turns out Dracula wins, though not because he is the most violent, nor is he the best killer among the monsters to choose from.   Freddy Krueger and Hannibal Lector obviously had the mass-slaying thing down, but they could never have the staying power that Dracula has because their nature is for violence and they lack the extreme psychological aspect that makes Dracula not only frightening, but also seductive. Monster movies are great to watch when the monster is a monster.   But, when man becomes a monster, as in the case of Hannibal Lector in Silence of the Lambs, for reasons pertaining to his youth and not some botched experiment, the movie experience becomes nearly transcendently frightful with the very real aspect that Hannibal could be a real person in a very real neighborhood.   Same with Freddy Krueger, though he at least has that whole dream-killing thing happening which makes him, in reality, a bit less plausible, though his deeds are no less terrifying. Fischoff offers some insight into this phenomena, stating that â€Å"it is believed to be the thrill of fright, the awe of the horrific, the experience of the dark and forbidden side of human behavior that lures people into the dark mouth of the theater to be spooked† (Fischoff).   Even though the man-monster takes off on a different path from the genre, hitting horror and the psychological aspect harder than ever before, people still flock to these movies in droves due to the need for fright, to experience the thrill without living the thrill (how scary would it be if Hannibal lived down the street?).   And, the best monster movies are able to produce at least that much. Moreover, according to Fischoff’s survey, the top ten monsters of all time, in order, are: Dracula, Freddy Krueger, Godzilla, Frankenstein, Chucky, Michael Myers (Halloween), King Kong, Hannibal Lector, Jason Voorhees (Friday 13th), and Alien.   It is interesting to notice when looking at this list that the monster to man-monster ratio is an exact split between the ten.   Five genuine monsters and five men-turned-monsters.   When it comes to monster movies, the best monster is obviously a cross between the most horrific and the most frightening. Furthermore, the third characteristic of monster movies is the use of plot as a device to form the movie around the monster.   Like Neilsen’s generator was helpful to suggest, there are five different plots that make up the monster movie genre, almost, in its entirety.   And, these plots all revolve around or are centered on, the motive of the monster. Basically, the monster can be out for revenge, need to feed, need to protect its young, their slumber has been disturbed, or they want to destroy humanity.   All movies created in the early black and white era actually follow this format, the most famous of them setting up the very archetype known as monster movies today. To begin with, Frankenstein (1931) demonstrates the classic revenge plot.   Dr. Henry Frankenstein wanted to make a man out of stolen body parts and actually managed to do so.   In fact, Dr. Frankenstein’s monster would have been a medical marvel if not for the criminal brain secured for his construction.   Because of that tiny little fatal flaw, the monster rises with a vendetta for Dr. Frankenstein.   And because Dr. Frankenstein screwed up, he becomes the obsession of his own creation. In Dracula (1931), Count Dracula, something of a real estate tycoon and upwardly rich aristocrat, preys on the people he comes across in Transylvania.   Dracula is different than the average monster because of his strikingly literal human nature.   He also has the enhanced ability to seduce his victims beyond their control, which makes him exceptionally difficult to properly vanquish.   The story also ends heroically as Van Helsing is proven right and is able to destroy Dracula.   Dracula’s main motive, besides amusement, is simply, to feed. King Kong (1933) differs from many monster movies because the character relationships are vitally important for the movie to progress.   There are two main relationships developed throughout, that of Ann and Jack and that of Ann and King Kong.   King Kong’s motive, once he falls for his new companion Ann, is to protect her from the evils in his jungle environment, and later, the evils he sees New York City.  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the final lines in the movies, â€Å"it wasn’t the airplanes, it was beauty that killed the beast† strikes a cord in any heart and makes King Kong perhaps the most lovable of all movie monsters because of his human desire to protect Ann. In The Mummy (1932) a priest is resurrected accidentally by an unwitting team of archeologists and sets about seeking his lost love.   Bad things happen along the way, one of the archeologists is taken as a replacement for the mummy’s lost bride, but the mummy is vanquished in the end when the archeologists destroy the scroll that brought him back to life.   The mummy, Im-ho-tep, basically sends his wrath out on the world and spends the movie causing mass destruction because his slumber was disturbed.   Simple as that. Finally, in Godzilla (1954), Godzilla is a monster god (more like un-extinct dinosaur) that preys on the countryside of Tokyo and fits the classic monster out to destroy humanity plot.   The natives sacrifice virgins in an attempt to appease the monster, but Godzilla seems to enjoy wreaking as much destruction as possible.   The monster attacks every few scenes, with the people in a panic as to how to destroy him before they are all killed.   And, even though they manage to kill Godzilla in the end, the result is not joyful as the people still fear another Godzilla is just moments from rising from the sea. Overall, all movies follow a specific formula which can be calculated and defined based upon the genre they fall in to.   The monster movie is a cross between the horror film and the psychological thriller and has certain core, salient characteristics that define the monster movie as a genre.   Neilsen helps to illuminate the various forms of monster and monster motives with his monster movie pitch generator, and it can be said that, categorically, monster type, psychological aspect of the monster, and motive of the monster as demonstrated in the plot combine to form the core characteristics of the monster movie. Works Consulted. Fischoff, Stuart, et al.   â€Å"The Psychological Appeal of Your Favorite Movie Monsters.† International Scientific Communications, 2003. —-.   â€Å"The Psychological Appeal of Movie Monsters.†Ã‚   Journal of Media Psychology, 2005. LaBarbera, Michael.   â€Å"The Biology of B-Movie Monsters.†Ã‚   University of Chicago, 2003. Neilsen, David.   â€Å"Monster Pitch Generator.†Ã‚   Brunching Shuttlecocks, 2001. Waters, Cullen.   â€Å"The Plot Archetypes of Giant Monster Movies.†Ã‚   WordPress.com, 2005.   Zoombaba.   â€Å"Creature Feature: Monster Movie Roleplaying.†Ã‚   Accessed March 22, 2007.

Mysticeti Definition and Facts

Mysticeti refers to the baleen whales - whales that have a filtering system made up of baleen plates hanging from their upper jaw. The baleen filters the whales food from the ocean water. The taxonomic group Mysticeti is a suborder of the Order Cetacea, which includes all the whales, dolphins and porpoises. These animals may be referred to as mysticetes, or baleen whales. Some of the largest animals in the world are mysticetes. Below you can learn more about whale classification and characteristics of the whales in this group. Mysticeti Etymology The world mysticeti is thought to come from the Greek work mystà ­kÄ“tos (whalebone whale) or possibly the word mystakà ³kÄ“tos (mustache whale) and the Latin cetus (whale). In days when whales were harvested for their baleen, the baleen was called whalebone, even though it is made of protein, not bone. Whale Classification All whales are classified as vertebrate animals in the order Cetartiodactyla, which includes the even-toed ungulates (e.g., cows, camels, deer) and whales. This initially incongruous classification is based on recent findings that whales evolved from hooved ancestors. Within the Cetartiodactyla order, theres a group (infraorder) called Cetacea. This contains about 90 species of whales, dolphins and porpoises. These are further divided into two groups - Mysticeti and Odontoceti. The Mysticeti and Odontoceti are classified to as superfamilies or suborder, depending on what classification system you view. Characteristics of Mysticeti vs. Odontoceti Animals in the Mysticeti group are whales whose basic characteristics are that they have baleen, symmetrical skulls and two blowholes. Animals in the Odontoceti group have teeth, asymmetrical skulls and one blowhole. Mysticete Families Now, lets delve into the Mysticeti group. Within this group, there are four families: Right Whales (Balaenidae), which includes the North Pacific, North Atlantic and southern right whales and the bowhead whale.Pygmy Right Whale (Neobalaenidae), which includes just the pygmy right whaleGray Whales (Eschrichtiidae), which includes just the gray whaleRorquals (Balaenopteridae), which includes blue, fin, humpback, minke, sei, Brydes, and Omuras whales How Different Types of Mysticetes Feed All of the mysticetes feed using baleen, but some are skim feeders and some are gulp feeders. Skim feeders, like the right whales, have large heads and long baleen and feed by swimming through the water with their mouth open, filtering the water in the front of the mouth and out between the baleen. Rather than filtering as they swim, gulp feeders, like the rorquals, use their pleated lower jaw like a scoop to gulp in large quantities of water and fish, and then they strain the water out in between their baleen plates. Pronunciation:miss-te-see-tee References and Further Information Bannister, J.L. Baleen Whales. In Perrin, W.F., Wursig, B. and J.G.M. Thewissen. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press. p. 62-73.Mead, J.G. and J.P. Gold. 2002. Whales and Dolphins in Question. Smithsonian Institution.Perrin, W. 2015. Mysticeti. In: Perrin, W.F. (2015) World Cetacea Database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species, September 30, 2015.Society for Marine Mammalogy Committee on Taxonomy. 2014. List of Marine Mammal Species Subspecies. Accessed September 29, 2015.

My Autobiography Essay - 1155 Words

Autobiography I sit on my desk with vivid memories of my childhood. Its almost as if my visions are projected in front of me, almost as if I can spring into them and reenact my sweet childhood. I remember my day trips out with my family. We were together as a whole then, and I was full to the brim with love. I remember my mum joining me on the gentlerides while my dad videotaped my laughs and my joys. I felt induced to return my love and appreciation to my family. Im always being told that I was an energetic, affectionate young one. I always used to say Hello to people and bare my teeth with a cheesy grin. Everything was as normal as can be, but then in 1995 my parents†¦show more content†¦However, the thought of secondnary school frightened me. I saw my brother go through secondnary school. I remember the day how he got beaten up. I walked in my grans house to see my brother on her bed with blood pouring down his neck. I was around eight years old. Nothing embraced me of what I saw. I was too shocked to realise what had happened. That put me off of secondnary schools immediately. When I finally started secondnary school, Clapton Girls Technology College, I had an endless question in my head which I couldnt manage to anwser, was this the right school for me? Ive had a lot of inconvenient periods in the past and ive had some pleasurable times in Clapton Girls, when I actually would come home to my mum and say Mum, today was a brilliant day. But mostly my time in this school was disgraceful. The significant occurrence in Clapton Girls has to be the most stressful part of my life I remember I had my first phone call from a man, with a deep degrading voice, claiming to be a teacher in my school. He stated all the humiliating acts he was going to perform on me. I kept picturing, imagining, this man, who he declared he was, actually accomplishing his vile fantasies. It almost felt like I was living in a dream, nothing was realistic. 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Vaccinations and Children - 1531 Words

There is much debate and controversy about child vaccinations being safe or not. Parents wonder should they get their children vaccinated and take the risk of their child having a side effect. While some experts say that vaccinations are safe, others say that vaccinations are deadly. Approximately 100 years ago children received 1 vaccine, smallpox. About 40 years ago children received 5 vaccines, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, smallpox and polio. Today a child receives 52 vaccines, 15 of these shots are by the age of 16 months (http://tuberose.com). By the time another 100 years go by it is possible that our children will receive double the amount of vaccinations of today which would put children receiving about†¦show more content†¦There is approximately 1,000 infants die each year as a direct result of the DTP vaccine. Approximately 35,000 acute neurological reactions occur within 48 hours of the shot. (www.tuberose.com). Doctors, FDA, and CDC are all telling us the vaccines are safe, but are they really. I visited a site called the Tragedy of Vaccinations and in this site it had pictures and a list of names of children who had a severe reaction to vaccinations, first on the list was a boy name Chris- Christopher died 21 hours after receiving his first DPT and OPV vaccination at two months of age. Second, Ashley- 72 hours after receiving her 4th DPT and OPV and HIB, she was hospitalized with encephalitis and kidney failure, she is severely mentally and physically handicapped. Third Richell- 10 hours after her 3rd DPT and OPV she suffered a grand mal seizure, she is now mentally and physically hand icapped (www.yourlifesource.com) and the list went on. These are only a few of the thousands of children who suffer from mental and physical handicaps and who have died from these so called routine vaccinations. I would guarantee you that the parents of these children would argue that vaccinations are not safe by any means. A quote from Dr Jeffrey S Sartin, MD stating, â€Å"Simply put, it is not ethical to give a medicine that will kill and maim persons for no demonstrated benefit. AssuagingShow MoreRelatedVaccination Of Children And Children1730 Words   |  7 PagesVaccinations in Children Is it fair to not vaccinate children because we don’t want to? Because they do not need to and they will not get sick? No. It is not fair to not vaccinate children because they won’t get sick. By not vaccinating children you are doing others harm. Every child has a different immune system and reacts to illnesses differently. Imagine having a child with disabilities and having them around children that have not been vaccinated. With the poor immune system autistic kids haveRead MoreVaccination Of Vaccinations And Its Effects On Children1546 Words   |  7 PagesCurrent vaccination rates in Queensland and Australia have dropped as parents have become more and more confused as to the real benefits and risks of vaccinations due to a plethora of information and misformation found on the internet. This essay will provide scientific information in support of immunization and include what a vaccination is, benefits of vaccinations, risks of not vaccinating, vaccine side effec ts and common misconceptions regarding vaccinations. Vaccinations have been repeatedlyRead MoreForced Vaccinations On Children And Their Children1449 Words   |  6 PagesForced Vaccinations A vaccine gives active immunity to protect against a certain disease. Vaccines are made up of killed or weakened forms of the disease-causing microbes. For many years, vaccines have prevented the widespread outbreak of many viruses. However, some people feel that vaccinating their children may do more harm than good. Sometimes, people do not believe that they should be told to vaccinate their child if they do not feel that vaccinating is the correct decision. Society shouldRead MoreThe Effects Of Vaccination On Children And Children989 Words   |  4 Pages published a controversial study in British journal Lancet where he linked MMR vaccination to autism. (Should I include what his study was based on and results?) Years later, many other studies proved it wrong but mistrust of science and mistrust of government is still there (2011). For example, Phea Paul study stated that there is no evidence that autism is cause by any vaccine and therefore no reason for parents to deny a child protection in today’s vaccines offered (2009). His study shows thatRead MoreVaccinations And Its Effects On Children990 Words   |  4 PagesVaccinations are a preparation given to patients that provides acquired immunity to a specific disease. They contain either a live, weakened part or an inactive form created from a dead version of the viruses, causing the body to produce antibodies that will attack the virus if the body later comes into contact with the disease. A person can reduce the severity or eliminate the contraction of the disease complete ly. However, vaccinations have become a controversial topic and parts of the populationRead MoreVaccinations And Its Effects On Children1226 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloped and built upon that are convincing me of the importance of the vaccinations. The benefits of vaccinations really were shown when â€Å"The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimated that 732,000 American children were saved from death and 322 million cases of childhood illnesses were prevented between 1994 and 2014 due to vaccination† (Huffington). This is proof right in front of our eyes that vaccinations are working for some children. Something that saves 732,000 lives is a very important asset. AlsoRead MoreVaccinations for Young Children776 Words   |  4 Pagesfor the government to necessitate children to be vaccinated. Others think it is wrong and that the parents should decide what is best for their children’s health. It is beneficial for the United States government to require young childr en in the United States to get vaccinations including hepatitis A and B, Tetanus, Haemophilus influenza type b, and inactivated polio virus because they can prevent serious illness for the children and the community and vaccinations are cost efficient, but if a familyRead MoreVaccinations And Its Effects On Children1444 Words   |  6 Pagessociety stay healthy. Vaccinations are one of the ways doctors help prevent people from getting various diseases such as polio and the measles. However, some peoples’ beliefs and religions get in the way of them taking vaccines. Also, some parents believe that vaccinations are linked to autism and refuse to let their children get vaccines. For many years, people have been having controversies over this subject, but I believe that we should require kids to have vaccinations to keep society healthyRead MoreVaccinations Are Harmful For Children891 Words   |  4 Pagesan issue with vaccinations for their children. Parents as of today do not have the option whether or not to immunize their children. These vaccinations are potentially harmful for children, but they also help and prevent life threatening illnesses. Parents should be allowed to choose to vaccinate their children because at times, the vaccine might harm the child, and because the parents simply just have right. Parents should be allowed to choose whether or not to immunize their children because of healthRead MoreVaccinations And Its Effects On Children1712 Words   |  7 PagesThe Significance of Vaccinations in Our Society Litisha Sibblis Charter Oak State College â€Æ' The Significance of Vaccinations in Our Society It is important to note that not everything in life is certain or safe and effective and this same principle applies to vaccinations. This research will be on vaccines focusing on the benefits and its potentially adverse effects in children. Additionally this research will reveal if vaccines are linked to or are causes of other illnesses. Overall I intend

Global Issues in Employment Relations

Question: Discuss about theGlobal Issues in Employment Relations. Answer: Introduction The term collective bargaining refers to negotiations between employers and one or more groups of employees.RefThe employee group may represent worker groups or trade unions and are usually in negotiations for improvement of working conditions of workers, hike in wage,and re-negotiation terms ofemployment or so on. Collective bargaining is a very strong tool for employees when renegotiating new termsof employment, insisting on adherence to regulations, improvements in working conditions and so on. The decline of trade unions has resulted in a significant decline of power for workers who are now at the mercy of capitalist entrepreneurs, boards or governments.Ref Chosen Journal Articles: Pulignano, V., Doerflinger, N. De Franceschi, F., 2016. Flexibility and Security within European Labor Markets: The Role of Local Bargaining and the "Trade-Offs" within Multinationals Subsidiaries in Belgium, Britain, and Germany. ILR Review, vol. 69, No. 3, pp.605-630. This is a comparative study that examines the impact of local bargaining power on both the flexibility of labour as well as the security policies with regards to employment. the aim of this study is to examine the impact of the structural power of workers on the overall tradeoffs. The qualitative study is conducted in four multinational subsidiaries spread across Germany Belgium and Britain. Bargaining power provides workers with sensitive and strong means of negotiating improved terms of employment with employers. From this it follows that the very base of trade union negotiations commence from the collective bargaining power of workers. very structure of trade unions is dependent on the differences in the structural power of workers working in different countries. The attitudes of people and their needs tend to vary from country to country and this is reflected in the negotiations between employers and employee groups including trade unions. The easiest manner to put across the power of collective bargaining would be to compare the bargaining power of a single worker to that of an organized group called trade union. The bargaining power of trade unions increases exponentially with an increase in density and based on the profitability of the firm. Interestingly in case of larger unions the negotiations are done with a group of companies as opposed to a single company. In such a case the trade union is able to negotiate a similar deal for all workers across the various companies. Their collective bargaining power is also higher. Furthermore, the power of trade unions is intensified due to their political leanings and the political support extended to them by various parties. The union funds provide for a provision of funds for workers to go on a long term strike in case their needs are not met by the employers.The major limitation of this study was lack of secondary information. In case of industries that are highly dependent on labour for its functioning, it can even result in lockouts and heavy losses for the company. Most companies try to avoid such dire situations and try to negotiate for a lower settlement that what is asked for by the trade unions. If the trade unions are strong, then they are able to ensure that theirtermsare met unconditionally. Alternatively, they agree for a mid way settlement.The circumstances mentioned above however, only hold true for cases where collective bargaining power is in the hands of workers and there remains a low rate of unemployment, making the availability of workers dear. The improvements in technology in Germany has resulted in the need for fewer employees in many industries which have shifted to being technology centric, in a bid to increase outputs while doingaway with the vulgarizes associated with manual labour and trade unions. (8). This move, particularly in Germany and its multi-national subsidiaries across Belgiumand Britain has resulted ina significant erosion of bargaining power for trade unions, creating the current situation of lower workers in industries. This has been amply compensated by the absorption of these employees in various subsidiaries and alternative units and thus trade unions are able to negotiate a tradeoff through a structural shift in power of workers. Addison, J., Bryson, A., Teixeira, P., Pahnke, A. Bellmann, L., 2013. The Extent of Collective Bargaining and Workplace Representation: Transitions between States and their Determinants. A Comparative Analysis of Germany and Great Britain. Scott J Polit Econ, vol. 60, no. 2, pp.182-209. A study into the manner in which collective bargaining is eroding work places particularly in Germany, the authors look at the decline in collective bargaining power in Germany. They have determined that the exploitation of strength in numbers is actually declining and the impact the economic growth of the country is staggering. While there are several studies that speak of a tradeoff between worker structure across subsidiaries and the collective bargaining power of workers who continue to enjoy employment in the company or its subsidiaries at any given point of time. The aim of this article was to compare collective power of workers in Britain with workers in Germany. When comparing the collective power of workers in Britain with that of workers in Germany, it came to light, that the British workers enjoyed a higher negotiating power when compared with the Germans. The loss of bargaining power among the Germans has been attributed to various factors including the loss of employment. The implications of the rise in bargaining power of workersis found to be directly proportional to the income distribution, employments levels, realwage s and output in all monopolistic organizations. This is indirect contrast to the diminishing marginal productivity of labour which states that as duration of labour increases, the productivity decreases marginally. It has been observed lately, that workers no longer feel motivated to relive unions. They are rather looking at a reaching ac compromise and letting matters slide rather than stand up and mobilize together for the protection of their rights. Often, it is noticed that management has taken the initiative to establish a work council as a positive and proactive step towards achieving a protection for its workers. Such work councils, tends to be skewed towards the interests of the management. The post-war growth of trade union movement was unprecedented during the early post war period, which coincided with the growth of the industrial revolution in most of Europe. The trade movement frizzled off significantly during the last decade due to the various socio-economic and geo-politicalchanges happening across the world during the period. Work councils and trade unions were seen as a buffer for most workers. However, this ideology has witnessed a massive change during the past decade and may be attributed to the rise in governmental measures initiated towards public health care and social welfare activities though most of the developed and developing countries. (6). the limitation o this study is lack of secondary information. Unlike other countries across Europe, the revival of the trade union movement was not met with much cheer across Germany, primarily due to the significant drop in the number of workers employed in most factories. German workers have not faced unemployment, per se. Instead they have been redistributed across different verticals and in many instances, been placed in multinational subsidiaries. This has resulted in a significant outflow of union workers leading to a drop in union memberships and culminating in the loss of their collective bargaining power. (8). Yet another change observed on the labour front has been the drop in the number of German workers who have been replaced by cheaper immigrant workers; who are not ready to risk their income in favour of union membership and collective bargaining. Thus, it would be appropriated to conclude that these factors in tandem have resulted in a significant loss of collective bargaining power of German workers across all industries. Addison, J., Teixeira, P., Pahnke, A. Bellmann, L., 2014. The demise of a model? The state of collective bargaining and worker representation in Germany. Economic and Industrial Democracy. vol. 10, no. 1, pp.130-185 A discussion on the impact of the decline of collective bargaining on the private sector in Germany, thisjournal article speaks of the past and present state of worker representation. With many such worker groups, work councils and trade unions shutting shop due to the lack of membership among workers in the country; the impact felt across Germany shows signs of an organic reversal to the pre industrialization days when workers worked as individuals and not teams.Thus, the workers, by virtue of their lack of interest in capitalizing on the power of collective bargaining, have lost a powerful tool with which they were able to negotiate and put forth their demands to the top management. Empirical studies conducted on the topic by several economists have failed to give a logical reasoning to the unprecedented rise and the subsequent drop in trade union strength despite attempts to use several statistical and mathematical tools to understand the logic behind the trend. While the very strength of trade unions has been dependent on the low rate of unemployment as well as high worker density approaching 100 per cent; the last decade saw a significant drop due to the rapid strides in technology, making several jobs redundant. Workers were faced with the challenge of building new skills sets as wellas meeting competition from immigrant workers who were willing to work at lower wages. This resulted inerosion in job security and translated into a drop in workers as wellas trade union memberships. The right to collective bargaining has been granted recognition from all levels, including international human rights which recognized trade unions as a fundamental human right. Collective bargaining has been given the nomenclature of being an essential right of workers and this right has global approval. However, it has been unfortunate that while collective bargaining has been recognized as an activity that enhances human dignity and grants workers the autonomy to influence rules in their place of work, it is not properly exploited in the present day. (5). The advantages of trade unions include a mark up in wages amounting to a value between 5 to 10 per cent in developed countries, besides bringing about equalization in income distribution between unskilled and skilled workers. The German advantage has been on the job problem solving along with flexible working that has contributed to Germanys changing focus from worker groups to individual workers. It has also been observed that work place transitions have also contributed to the decline in collective bargaining. (7). unlike many of its European neighbours, Germany has continued to face an erosion of its collective bargaining power. This erosion does not have any logical or mathematical reasoning to explain the phenomenon.the lament of the demise of collective bargaining cannot be pinpointed on a single factor. Rather, it would be accurate to state that the contribution of several factors has influenced the decline in collective bargaining power in Germany to reach the depths that it is facing today. Hirsch, B. Schnabel, C., 2013. What can we Learn from Bargaining Models about Union Power? The Decline in Union Power in Germany, 1992-2009. The Manchester School, vol. 82, No. 3, pp.347-362. The decline of trade unions and its impact on bargaining models that were well established since the industrial revolution are discussed in this journal article. (3). The various Bargaining models speak of the advantage it bestowed on larger groups who were able to put across their needs and requirements while contributing to the policies that defined and shaped workplace characteristics. The changes in ideologies also saw a shift from collective bargaining to other worker agencies like work councils which are gaining prominence in Germany. The popularity of this model is felt among top management as well, who are able to exert considerable influence over the councils in sharp contrast to the trade unions which were rigid and immovable unless their demands were met. The various bargaining models include distributive bargaining, cooperative bargaining, productivebargaining,and compositebargaining and so on. The commonly observed bargaining model in negotiations involving strong trade unions has been distributive bargaining. They are used to attempt in settling economic matters including wages, bonus, and monetary benefits and so on. This type of bargaining does not involve any offer-counter offer or negotiations. Both parties have a rigid view of what they want and attempt to achieve their objective without considering the opposing party. A highly popular type of bargaining, this model was keenly followed during the peak of the trade union movement. Interestingly, the bargaining mindset that is popular today is a more flexible version called the cooperative bargaining model. Underthis model bothpartiesare willing to negotiate and reach a common ground of agreement as was observed during the recent economic crisis of 2010. While trade unions took a relaxed stand on wage cuts, employers also kept workers on board rather than firing them, thus ensuring a win-win situation for all concerned parties. While many are of the opinion that the decline in union power contributed to the decline in collective bargaining, the root cause lies elsewhere. The factors that contributed to the current state of affairs can be traced back to the high level of machination that was seen in Germany as part of the industrial revolution. With the reducing dependence on human labour, the need to maintain and pamper the workforce was significantly reduced. This coincided with the easy availability of immigrant labour which was not only cheaper, but also less probable of creating unions for its empowerment. This scenario was the prima factor reason for the decline in trade union memberships as well as the union power that was witnessed across Europe during the post war era. Conclusion While the collective bargaining power of workers has undergone a significant shift in Germany, the primary factor that needs consideration is the change in attitude of German workers. These workers now show a marked preference for adopting a softer approach in place of the rigidity associated with collective bargaining seen during the peak of the trade union movement in Europe. The focus has now shifted towards a more symbiotic approach to bargaining rather than an insistence on a more rigid stand. While there are many who argue in favour of this change, particularly in view of the fluid worker movement across borders due to the changes in international laws; several of the advantages that workers enjoyed as partof their rigid stand is lost. References Addison, J., Bryson, A., Teixeira, P., Pahnke, A. and Bellmann, L., 2013. The Extent of Collective Bargaining and Workplace Representation: Transitions between States and their Determinants. A Comparative Analysis of Germany and Great Britain.Scott J Polit Econ, 60(2), pp.182-209. Addison, J., Teixeira, P., Pahnke, A. and Bellmann, L., 2014. The demise of a model?The state of collective bargaining and worker representation in Germany.Economic and Industrial Democracy. Hirsch, B. and Schnabel, C., 2013. What can we Learn from Bargaining Models about Union Power? The Decline in Union Power in Germany, 1992-2009. The Manchester School, 82(3), pp.347-362. Pulignano, V., Doerflinger, N. and De Franceschi, F., 2016. Flexibility and Security within European Labor Markets: The Role of Local Bargaining and the "Trade-Offs" within Multinationals Subsidiaries in Belgium, Britain, and Germany. ILR Review, 69(3), pp.605-630.

Speech for Taekwondo Essay Example

Speech for Taekwondo Essay Good morning to my esteemed teachers and classmates. What does Roundhouse, Chop, Side, Turning Back, Jumping front kick, Blocks and Sparring all have in common. No, they are not the ingredients my dad puts in his spicy Chile! It is the Korean Martial Art called Tae Kwon Do. Taekwondo means, the way of the foot and the fist. It is a form of self-defense using your bare hands and feet. Taekwondo dates back over 2000 years but has become one of the most popular sports in the world over the past 50 years. Taekwondo is participated by more than 40 million people in 142 countries in the world! Taekwondo has many kicks and special moves. The Roundhouse and Chop Kick are the basic kicks you learn when you begin taking lessons in Taekwondo. The Turning back and Jumping front kick are the more difficult kicks to learn. Other special moves include blocks which use hands, arms and knees to force incoming attacks away from your body. My final point I want to tell you about Taekwondo is yelling. When doing powerful moves, kicks and punches you can let out a loud yell. This can startle your opponent or audience which allows you to catch him or her off guard. Yelling also helps to tighten your stomach muscles and can protect you from your opponents attacks. In conclusion, Taekwondo is a great sport which includes both your mind and your body. Taekwondo is a lot of fun. Ive been taking Taekwondo for 2 months and have learned many of the techniques I have described to you today. I hope you have all learned something today on Taekwondo and I thank you for your attention. We will write a custom essay sample on Speech for Taekwondo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Speech for Taekwondo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Speech for Taekwondo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer